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Japan economic data revision suggests recession

修正的數據顯示日本經濟衰退

Revised growth figures for Japan have suggested that the world's third-largest economy is in recession. The economy shrank by 0.9% in the July-September quarter, while the April-June quarter was revised from 0.1% growth to show a contraction of 0.03%. That means that Japan is technically in recession, having contracted for two quarters in a row.

修正後的經濟增長數據顯示世界第三大的經濟體──日本的經濟衰退中。日本第三季度（七月到九月）下降0.9%，而第二季度（四月至六月）微幅下滑0.03%。未修正前的初估值為下滑0.1%。這項修正後的數據顯示日本經濟連續兩個季度出現收縮，陷入技術性衰退。

Japan has been hit hard by a strong yen that dents exports and a diplomatic row with major trade partner China. Despite the figures pointing to a recession, the Japanese government, the official arbiter of such matters, has urged caution on interpreting the figures. Tomo Kinoshita, chief economist at Nomura Securities in Tokyo, said: "We had already said Japan was in a recession. Today's number strengthened our case." During the third quarter, Japan shrank by the equivalent to an annualised drop in gross domestic product (GDP) of 3.5%.

日圓的強勢導致日本的產出缺口擴大以及降低日本與重要貿易夥伴中國的外交影響力。儘管數據顯示日本經濟衰退，但經濟部門則是呼籲審慎解讀這項數據。東京的野村證券首席經濟專家木下智夫表示，他們已經說過，日本已經陷入衰退；今天公佈的數據只是強化他們的說法。今年第三季度日本國內生產毛額以年率計算，比前一季下滑3.5%。

Economic woes

經濟復甦的困難

Japan's economy has been trying to recover from last year's earthquake and tsunami, which caused widespread destruction in the country. However, its recovery has been hampered by a combination of factors. A slowdown in key markets, such as the US and eurozone has hurt demand for its exports, one of the biggest drivers of Japanese growth. Slowing growth and anti-Japan protests in China - Japan's biggest trading partner - have also affected its export sector. To add to its woes, the debt crisis in the eurozone and weak recovery in the US have seen many investors flock to haven assets such as the yen, resulting in the Japanese currency strengthening against the US dollar and the euro.

日本經濟正試著從去(2011)年造成廣大破壞的海嘯強震中復甦，然而，影響日本經濟復甦的因素有很多。其中影響日本經濟成長的因素是目標市場的衰退，例如美國和歐元區對出口市場需求的下降。中國身為日本的重要貿易夥伴，其經濟成長減緩以及反日聲明也影響（日本的）出口區。歐債危機及美國經濟緩慢復甦使日本經濟復甦更加困難，而投資者一窩蜂地投入避險資產，如日圓，則造成日幣對美元及歐元(日漸)強勢。

Last month, Japanese lawmakers approved another stimulus package to revive growth, as the flagging economy becomes a key issue in the upcoming general election. The money, totalling 880bn yen ($10.7bn; £6.7bn), will be used mainly to create employment and support small businesses, the cabinet said. The central bank is also carrying out an asset purchase programme whereby it buys bonds to keep long-term borrowing costs down.

上個月，日本的立法委員贊同另一個刺激經濟復甦的配套措施，而經濟衰退在總統大選上變成重要的議題。內閣表示政府撥出總額八千八百億日圓的經費（相當於一百零七億元美金及六十七億英鎊），主要用於新增就業崗位以及加大對中小企業的支援，央行也實施資產購買計畫，藉由購買債券（也可翻成日本的公債）以降低長期借貸的成本。